Internet radios have been a thing in some form for the last quarter century, and the advent of cheap networked microcontrollers has made them easier than ever to build. But just how small can one be made? [Milen] has made one that’s about as small as we’ve seen, and put it up on Instructables.
The hardware recipe is straightforward enough; take a microcontroller, connect it to the internet, and have your internet radio software squirt its output to a DAC. In this case the microcontroller is an ESP32-C£ on a very small dev board, and clipped to that is a custom PCB with a PCM5102A I2S DAC and an amplifier. The whole thing is tiny, small enough in fact that the two connectors are significant in size compared to it.
Whether or not it’s a practical device for listening remains to be seen, but it’s certainly tiny. But the question is, could it be made smaller? Perhaps eschewing the connectors would be an easy win, and in return for a loss in quality the ESP has a built-in DAC that’s not intended for audio but can be used. If you have any bright ideas, we’d be interested to hear them.
We’ve seen plenty of internet radios over the years, and for some reason this cassette-shaped one appeals to us.
Technology keeps asking us to speed up. Pd is happy to let you slow down: tinker, patch, make mistakes, obsess over a number or signal routing, and do it all visually. The free and open source software is getting a nice 0.57 update with new features, relevant to Pd and tools like libpd and plugdata that are based on it.
Believe it or not, I do still exist. And I do some projects still. Sometimes.
Anyway, I've been starting to play more with hardware synths because I don't have a dedicated studio space right now to set up softsynths and I just want to play around without messing with computers and wiring everything up. Regardless of the reason I wanted to be able to connect my KMI kboard up to my Korg Volca FM or my just arrived AMYboard but to do so requires a USB Midi Host. There are devices for sale that do this, but I realized that I have a device in a box that will do this already.
So I dug out my raspberry pi zero W and a new project was born.
First a little background. I looked for similar projects but most were allowing arbitrary connections and had UIs. I just want to plug in and play like it's a traditional hardware midi cable connection. I decided to use alsa just to keep it simple and minimize the setup on the pi (e.g. no jack midi).
I just used the pi foundation's imager with the lite pi OS and set up so I could ssh into it for the rest of the configuration. That actually was the hardest part: getting ssh to work. For some reason the imager didn't create my user profile I tried to set up so I spent a while troubleshooting. Once that was going the rest was fairly straight ahead.
First thing I set up on the pi was a bash script that will parse the output of aconnect (an alsa utility that can list all midi devices/ports). It looks like this:
# Function to connect available MIDI ports connect_midi() { # Find the client IDs of all connected mid devices # This grabs any non-system MIDI ports available PORTS=($(aconnect -l | awk '/^client/ { if (/card=/) { c=$2; sub(/:/,"",c); v=1 } else { v=0 } } v && /^ +[0-9]+/ { print c":"$1 }'))
# Then loop through them: for port in "${PORTS[@]}"; do echo "Found hardware port: $port" >> $LOGFILE done listsize=${#PORTS[@]}
for (( i=0; i < listsize; i++ )); do for (( j=i+1; j < listsize; j++ )); do
port_a="${PORTS[i]}" port_b="${PORTS[j]}"
# Extract just the client number (everything before the colon) client_a="${port_a%:*}" client_b="${port_b%:*}"
# Only connect if they belong to different hardware clients if [ "$client_a" != "$client_b" ]; then
# Connect Port A to Port B aconnect "$port_a" "$port_b"
# Connect Port B to Port A aconnect "$port_b" "$port_a"
echo "connecting $port_a $port_b" >> $LOGFILE fi done done
}
connect_midi
I saved that as /usr/local/bin/midi-connector.sh then did a chmod to make it executable.
sudo chmod 700 /usr/local/bin/midi-connector.sh
Next you need a udev rule that will run whenever a USB device is connected. Paste this one line into /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usb-midi.rules:
That line tells the USB manager that when a newly connected USB device is a midi device then run a systemd service. So we have to make that systemd service next.
In a new file called /etc/systemd/system/midi-connect.service put the following:
[Unit] Description=Auto-connect USB MIDI for %I After=sound.target alsa-restore.service local-fs.target
[Service] Type=oneshot # Give ALSA 2 seconds to fully spawn the client nodes in the background safely ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 2 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/midi-connector.sh
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alsa takes a second after the udev rule fires to get the midi port ready so we have a little delay before we run the connector script, then the script goes and takes care of it. We also have this set up to run once at boot in addition to when udev launches it in case I power it on with everything connected (or in case the system browns out which happened a couple times).
That's all it takes. If you don't want to reboot just run:
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules sudo systemctl daemon-reload
to reload the pieces then you should be able to plug in any usb midi devices and they'll all start sending messages to each other.
So overall how well does it achieve the goal? I don't love how long it takes to boot (a couple minutes). And it seems like the system is fickle. Not sure I'm ready to rely on it if I were doing real gigs or something. The USB hat POGO pins aren't a supre great connection so I found better luck powering through the Pi USB port directly rather than through the USB hat power input. If I were to do this properly I'd use a rp2040 based chip and make a custom firmware which should boot much faster than a full OS on a single core that I have now. But this was quicker.
In 2024 we opened the MOD OS images, so anyone could change the software and share the result. One Dwarf owner did exactly that. Seventeen releases later, Starless has its own community, and it changed how we develop MOD OS. Here is his story, in his own words, and what it led to.
Andrea Del Signore, creator of Starless
Why I started Starless
By Andrea Del Signore
I first heard about MOD in its early days through the open source world, which I’ve always been passionate about. Then I lost track of it, until I came across an ad for a used Dwarf and bought it.
At the time my main unit was a Line 6 Helix LT, and I immediately saw the Dwarf’s potential: a compact device with creative routing options, a perfect fit for my acoustic and classical guitar rig. But a few software limitations made me doubt it could work live for me. They were small details, but vital ones. I couldn’t change a pedalboard’s parameters on the fly without a computer, not even to turn down a reverb or adjust an EQ. The plugins and the creative possibilities were there, but those few gaps kept me dragging the big, heavy Helix to every gig.
I noticed that almost all the sources were available on GitHub and that, in theory, I could modify the software and patch the official images.
Andrea Del Signore
Then I noticed that almost all the sources were available on GitHub and that, in theory, I could modify the software and patch the official images. I spent the next three or four evenings on the couch reading code and setting my first goals. The plan was simple. First, a minimal change to get familiar with the codebase. Then, the few features I needed to play live without worrying, so I could finally replace the Helix.
After a few weeks of trial and error I built my first image. It introduced port groups in the UI and two complementary ways to edit pedalboard parameters: new firmware and a new mobile-friendly page, now known as the Performance View.
From there, the community stepped in. Abotte, Rom, Fer and others adopted the image, tested it and gave me feedback, and that is how Starless was born. The name comes from what I was working on at the time: a classical guitar arrangement of King Crimson’s song of the same name.
A few months later I sold my Helix and kept adding features that help both while editing and during performances. Today other talented developers, such as Stefan and Andy, are helping me refine Starless for use cases beyond my own.
I want to thank Abotte, Toferyu, Remy, Rom, Fer, Zwabo, UnvisualStudio and many others, along with the MOD team for the help in the very first days. And finally, Gianfranco and MOD Audio, for so warmly welcoming the development of this project.
What Starless is today
Starless is an alternative OS for the MOD Dwarf, made possible by the open images we published with MOD OS 1.13.5 in October 2024. It is now on version 17, and its latest release added, among other things:
Complete pedalboard editing from the Dwarf itself, no computer needed
Tone3000 support in the NAM, cabinet and IR loaders
Stereo cables and cable teleporting, for tidier pedalboards
A per-plugin CPU monitor, mouse-wheel zoom and a canvas that resizes itself as you add plugins
AndyCap has also been working on mapping the same control to the Dwarf’s own controls, MIDI, CC and CV at the same time, now in beta. See it in action on the forum.
Try Starless
Starless is Andrea’s project, with its own name, schedule and decisions. It is an unofficial image, so MOD does not provide support for it. The community does, on the forum.
Back up first. Use the Backup & Restore function in the web interface (see the MOD wiki).
Install the latest Starless image as a manual upgrade. Your pedalboards and downloaded plugins stay where they are.
What Starless changed: the new MOD OS release flow
Starless showed us something important. When the software is open, the people who use it every day will improve it, and their work deserves a real way into the product. So we changed how official MOD OS releases are made.
MOD OS is now released through three channels, a model inspired by how long-running open source projects like Debian work:
STABLE
Official production releases, after testing. What most users run.
TESTING
Official release candidates, built from MOD’s work and community contributions, and offered in the web interface. A new one every two to four weeks.
COMMUNITY
Independent images, built and distributed by their authors. Starless is the first.
The first release candidate under this flow is MOD OS 1.14, and it is already built from community work. It brings Tone3000 into the web interface, so you can browse and load captures directly on your device, and a “Report an Issue” button, so testing is one click away. The announcement of the new flow publicly thanked five community contributors: Andrea Del Signore, Andy Cap, Remy D, Stefan D and Mark Melvin.
In other words: what happened with Starless is now how MOD OS moves forward. Community work flows in, gets tested in the open, and ships.
All of this happens on the forum, through people testing, reporting problems and asking for features. Try a release candidate and tell us what breaks. Try Starless and tell Andrea what you would like next. And if you have your own idea for MOD, the forum is where it starts.
The Ubuntu Studio team is pleased to announce the beta release of Ubuntu Studio 26.10, codenamed “Stonking Stingray”.
While this beta is reasonably free of any showstopper installer bugs, you will find some bugs within. This image is mostly representative of what you will find when Ubuntu Studio 26.10 is released on October 15, 2026.
Ubuntu Studio 26.10 is a standard release and will be supported for 9 months, until July 2027. We encourage everyone to try this image and report bugs to improve our final release.
Special Notes
The Ubuntu Studio 26.10 disk image (ISO) exceeds 4 GB and cannot be downloaded to some file systems such as FAT32 and may not be readable when burned to a DVD. For this reason, we recommend downloading to a compatible file system. When creating a boot medium, we recommend creating a bootable USB stick with the ISO image or burning to a Dual-Layer DVD.
Full updated information, including upgrade instructions, is available in the Release Notes.
Only Install What You Need
A common piece of feedback we hear is that people prefer to start with a lean base and install only the tools they actually use, rather than getting an overwhelming number of pre-installed packages. We hear you.
Ubuntu Studio includes a minimal install option in the installer. This gives you the Ubuntu Studio desktop experience — the theme, the audio configuration, the optimized settings — without the full suite of creative applications. From there, you can use Ubuntu Studio Installer to add exactly the workflows you want: audio, graphics, video, photography, or publishing: à la carte.
Alternatively, if you’re already running Kubuntu, Ubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, or any other official Ubuntu flavor, you don’t have to reinstall at all. Just install the Ubuntu Studio Installer package and pick the components you need. This has always been an option, but we want to make sure everyone knows about it.
The full install remains available for those who want a complete creative workstation out of the box, and that’s a perfectly valid choice too.
New and Improved This Release
Ubuntu Studio 26.10 builds on the 26.04 LTS release with improvements to Ubuntu Studio Installer, Ubuntu Studio Audio Configuration, and included creative tools.
Ubuntu Studio Installer package selection: You can now expand a metapackage’s Depends and Recommends and select individual packages.
Ubuntu Studio Audio Configuration: The app now uses a single-window, tabbed control-panel layout, with PipeWire quantum settings organized on the Audio tab.
PipeWire settings: The installer offers the PipeWire settings app appropriate to the detected desktop environment.
Newly-included Audio Applications: Sonic Pi, SuperCollider, JNoise, and the SuperCollider 3 plugin suite are available through Ubuntu Studio’s audio package selections.
Major Package Upgrades
OBS Studio 32.2.2
FreeShow 1.6.5 (snap)
QPrompt 2.0.2
RaySession 0.18.0
Patchance 1.4.0
DistroAV 6.2.1 for NDI support in OBS Studio
Kdenlive 26.08.1
Krita 6.0.3
GIMP 3.2.6
Ardour 9.8.0
Scribus 1.6.6
Audacity 3.7.8
There are many other improvements, too numerous to list here. We encourage you to look around the freely-downloadable ISO image.
Additionally, we need financial contributions. Our project lead, Erich Eickmeyer, is working long hours on this project and trying to generate a part-time income. Go here to see how you can contribute financially (options are also in the sidebar).
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Does Ubuntu Studio contain snaps?
A: Yes. Mozilla’s distribution agreement with Canonical changed, and Ubuntu was forced to no longer distribute Firefox in a native .deb package. We have found that, after numerous improvements, Firefox now performs just as well as the native .deb package did.
Thunderbird is also a snap in order for the maintainers to get security patches delivered faster. This is done by the Thunderbird team in cooperation with Canonical.
Additionally, FreeShow is an Electron-based application. Electron-based applications cannot be packaged in the Ubuntu repositories in that they cannot be packaged in a traditional Debian source package. While such apps do have a build system to create a .deb binary package, it circumvents the source package build system in Launchpad, which is required when packaging for Ubuntu. However, Electron apps also have a facility for creating snaps, which can be uploaded and included. Therefore, for FreeShow to be included in Ubuntu Studio, it had to be packaged as a snap.
Also, to keep theming consistent, all included themes are snapped in addition to the included .deb versions so that snaps stay consistent with our themes.
We are working with Canonical to make sure that the quality of snaps goes up with each release, so we please ask that you give snaps a chance instead of writing them off completely.
Q: If I install this Beta release, will I have to reinstall when the final release comes out?
A: No. If you keep it updated, your installation will automatically become the final release.
Q: Will you make an ISO with {my favorite desktop environment}?
A: To do so would require creating an entirely new flavor of Ubuntu, which would require going through the Official Ubuntu Flavor application process. Since we’re completely volunteer-run, we don’t have the time or resources to do this. Instead, we recommend you download the official flavor for the desktop environment of your choice and use Ubuntu Studio Installer to get Ubuntu Studio — which does not convert that flavor to Ubuntu Studio but adds its benefits.
Q: What if I don’t want all these packages installed on my machine?
A: See the “Only Install What You Need” section above. Use the minimal install option and then add only the metapackages, configurations, or individual packages you want with Ubuntu Studio Installer.
We're awash with emulations at the moment, but this one is on another level. The chip that powered everything from Yamaha’s little-known CX5M computer to the best 80s FM synths and video game masterpieces gets a long-awaited (unofficial) rendition on your computer, and it's just about perfect -- both as a instrument plug-in and an ultra-authentic player for classic games. And where this emulation started was physical, not virtual: a workbench, vintage gear and documentation, research, and physical labor.
Artists Tina Mariane Krogh Madsen and Malte Steiner have been artists in residency in the Life on a Leaf house for the month of September. On Sunday 27.9, they will host an event at the Leaf house presenting some of the artistic processes they have worked with, as solo concerts, scores and software art. The event will start at 16.00 until 19.00, and there will be time to hang out and have conversations with the artists. https://www.lifeonaleaf.fi/en/events
The GStreamer Conference team is pleased to announce that the preliminary list
of talks, abstracts, and speaker biographies is now available for
this year's lineup of talks and speakers, covering again an exciting range of
topics!
The GStreamer Conference 2026 will take place on 10-11 October 2026
in Prague, Czech Republic, followed by a hackfest.
Details about the conference, hackfest and how to register can be found on the
conference website.
In the cross-over between the era of tapes into that of MP3s, you’d see quite a few of those special cassette tapes that were actually digital music players inside. Some simply provided a 3.5 mm input, while others were complete MP3 players or Bluetooth receivers that just happened to also output to the magnetic read head of a cassette player. Recently [Jonathan Rowny] decided to make his own version of the latter.
Although getting the actual audio signal into the read head is easy enough – requiring little more than its equivalent being used as a write head on the cassette side – actually interfacing with the player’s mechanisms like auto-stop, reverse and so on requires the use of some gearing that detect motion on what would be the tape spools, as well as transfer the motion from the take-up spool to the other spool so that features like the auto-stop mechanism don’t get triggered.
A lot of inspiration here can be found in e.g. the videos made by [Clint] of [Lazy Game Reviews] who looked at a number of examples – including their internals – over the years, with various levels of functionality. For this particular implementation an ESP32-S3 module is used for the brains, along with a microSD card reader for music and a PCM5102 I2S audio codec to create the analog audio signal.
The gears were printed using an SLA printer and seem to work all right. Unfortunately he didn’t realize the importance of the capstan as the mechanism that actually transports the tape, so its motion was not measured as is done in the better cassette adapters. This will likely be corrected in a future iteration, however.
MIDI-in element selection on note-on events option added as a toggle to elements list and sample waveform widget's context-menu as "Auto select elements". (drumkv1 only)
David García Goñi released a new version of Elektroid, a sample and MIDI device manager for Elektron, Arturia, Eventide, Moog, Novation, and now Korg devices.
Malte Steiner's generative projection piece ‘retexturizing: recontextualizing‘ for the open house Konstrundan event at Life on a Leaf 6. September in Turku (FI). A computer generates and animates randomly collages out of 1892 image fragments of processed real estate ads from Steiner's project The Big Crash, Art for the pending burst of the real estate bubble . Programmed in Pure Data / Gem, running on a Linux computer.
The GStreamer team is pleased to announce another release of liborc,
the Optimized Inner Loop Runtime Compiler, which is used for SIMD acceleration
in GStreamer plugins such as audioconvert, audiomixer, compositor, videoscale,
and videoconvert, to name just a few.
This release mostly contains bug fixes for some i386-related regressions.
Highlights:
Fix various i386-related regressions
avx512: Disable target on x86
avx512: Implement the missing memoff-reg moves
Fix Debian gcc miscompiling the backup float conversion functions
Qtractor 1.6.4 (late-summer'26 hotfix) is released!
Change-log:
Fixed a relatively recent crash-bug introduced to Clip/Merge... as a undesired side-effect from fixing that older bug on Clip/Normalize (as of late v1.6.1)
Qtractor is an audio/MIDI multi-track sequencer application written in C++ with the Qt framework. Target platform is Linux, where the Jack Audio Connection Kit (JACK) for audio and the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) for MIDI are the main infrastructures to evolve as a fairly-featured Linux desktop audio workstation GUI, specially dedicated to the personal home-studio.
As should be obvious from browsing our website for any amount of time, Ubuntu Studio releases a Long-Term Support (LTS) release every two years. The latest LTS release happens to be our latest release: 26.04. What’s more is we just released 26.04.1, a roll-up of bugfixes and security updates, on August 27th.
Also announced is the “Butllet-Proof” KDE Initiative, where Kubuntu Focus, Techpaladin Software, and KDE e.V. are working together to make Plasma 6.6, along with KDE Frameworks, an LTS release as well. This means that Techpaladin, Kubuntu, and Kubuntu Focus will be working to fix bugs in the version of the desktop environment and back-end libraries released in Ubuntu Studio 26.04 LTS. This means that, while Kubuntu will be primarily working on the Stable Release Updates as provided by KDE, Ubuntu Studio uses the same packages that get these updates.
Our project leader, Erich Eickmeyer, has been doing what he can to help support Kubuntu with this task from his side, while the Ubuntu Studio team (including Erich) focuses on bug fixes to the multimedia applications included with their own Stable Release Updates for the life of 26.04, which is three years total until April 2029.
That, combined with Ubuntu Pro (free for every user up to 5 simultaneous machines) means you will not only receive bugfixes better than in the past, which was done at best effort, but also benefit from the security updates provided by Canonical. Yes, even Ubuntu Studio can use Ubuntu Pro. Do note that Ubuntu Pro will not extend the support time period for Ubuntu Studio, but give the added benefit of sponsored security updates.
If you would like to help with everything Ubuntu Studio has going on, from supporting the LTS to supporting the upcoming 26.10 release due in October, please feel free to join us!
Additionally, while there was an initial jump in monetary support following the 26.04 LTS release, it has dropped-off considerably. Please consider becoming a monthly monetary contributor to help support this project. Remember, our website now has a monthly cost along with the usual cost of packaging and development. If you cannot commit to a monthly monetary contribution, please consider at least a one-time contribution, even if you’ve given before. Even if it’s just a tank of petrol! For those already giving, thank you so much for your continued support. It means the world to us, and allows us to continue giving you and others this operating system for free! You’ve helped countless people throughout the world!
After a somewhat unusual release process, we are pleased to announce Ardour 9.8. Notable features in this release include some initial steps in musical scale support, the return (after perhaps a decade) of robust data recovery after crashes/power outages while recording, and some improvements to clip recording. As usual, there’s a host of bug fixes and quality of life improvements.
A new release of gst123, my commandline media player based on GStreamer is available. The main new “feature” is probably that it now can play videos without crashing on Wayland, although it still relies on Xwayland to do so. See release link for full list of changes.
a3vtl.img is a live-system to evaluate the Ardour3 video-timeline. Live-system - you run it from a USB flash drive. It won't touch your hard-disk and does not require installation.
It comes with a whole bunch of audio-software and can be used as studio to go, but you're better off to rely on a dedicated distribution for the latter (e.g. AVLinux, kxStudio, Ubuntu-Studio,…).
This also works on OSX, disk-devices are called /dev/disk1, /dev/disk2, etc instead of /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc,.. although you may prefer to use the Disk Utility GUI.
The disk-image is a read-only live-system. Every time you boot you will have a pristine system. None of your modifications are saved.
In order to retain customizations, you can create a partition with the label 'live-rw' which will automatically be overlaid. The 'live-rw' partition can be on any medium, although it is convenient to keep it on the same disk as the OS. Say, if your USB-drive is 8 GB, you can use the remaining space of 6.5 GB (the live-system is ~1.5 GB) for storage and customizations.
Note: the live-rw partition only saves modifications done to the pristine system. It uses a rather smart technique called AUFS to do so. It is not a data-partition per se and can only be used with a live-system of the same version. If you plan to do serious A/V work, store it on an external hard-disk.
In the $HOME folder, resides an example video for testing <tt>timecode25-test.mov</tt>, that can be loaded as video into Ardour3:
Launch Ardour3, create a new session and choose <em>File → Open Video</em> from Ardour's menu…
The video-timeline should be pretty much self-explanatory:
Menu→Session→Open Video
Menu→Session→Export→Video
Menu→View→Rulers→Video (or right-click the ruler/marker bar → Video)
Menu→View→Video Monitor (xjadeo)
Menu→Edit→Preferences→Video
Menu→Session→Video maintenance→ … (manual video server interaction)
#!/bin/bash
# the disk-device to use:
DEVICE=/dev/sdb # or /dev/mmcblk0 or /dev/hdb ,...
URL=http://robin.linuxaudio.org/a3vtl_latest.img
URL=http://rg42.org/d/a3vtl_latest.img
# Download the image and write it to the disk:
curl http://rg42.org/d/a3vtl_latest.img | dd of=$DEVICE bs=64k
### OPTIONAL: ###
# re-read the partition-table after the image has been written
partprobe $DEVICE
# create a 2nd partition using the rest of the space on the device..
echo -e "n\np\n2\n\n\np\nw\n" | fdisk $DEVICE
# ..and create an ext4 filesystem on it, labeled live-rw'
mkfs.ext4 -L live-rw ${DEVICE}2
Jalv 1.10.0 has been released. Jalv (JAck LV2) is a simple host for LV2 plugins. It runs a plugin, and exposes the plugin ports to the system, essentially making the plugin an application. For more information, see http://drobilla.net/software/jalv.
Changes:
Add block length command-line parameter for PortAudio
Fix PortAudio backend
Fix crash with plugins that have non-event inputs
Fix stale parameter descriptions in man pages
Fully implement fixedBlockLength and powerOf2BlockLength
Gracefully handle failure to open audio backend in Gtk interface
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